Michigan State University

HNF 150 Exam 2

Multiple Choice

1)Vitamin E serves as:

1. a precursor.                                             c.   an antioxidant.
2. a vitamin antagonist.                              d.   an antivitamin.

            2. Examples of aerobic physical activity include all of the following except:

1. brisk walking.                                          c.   swimming.
2. using weight machines.                           d. bicycling.

            3. True statements concerning the water-soluble vitamins include:

1. They are stored in body tissues to a large extent.
2. They are easily excreted in the urine.
3. They can be leached out of foods by cooking in water.
4. a and b
5. b and c

            4. Which of these B vitamins is (are) present only in foods of animal origin?

1. Folate
2. Vitamin B12
3. Vitamin C
4. Vitamin A

            5. The hormone produced by adipose tissue in response to a gain in body fatness that helps to control obesity is:

1. endorphin.                                               c.   leptin.
2. ghrelin.                                                    d. insulin.

            6.   Anaerobic glucose breakdown produces a compound called  that accumulates in the tissues and blood.

1. urea                                                         c.   uric acid
2. lactate                                                     d. amino acid

            7. Which of the following nutrients is important for athletes because it is needed for the formation of collagen?

1. vitamin E                                                 c.   thiamin
2. iron                                                          d. vitamin C

            8. The active form of vitamin A stored in the liver is:

1. retinol.                                                     c.   yellow.
2. bright orange.                                         d. beta-carotene.

            9. Which of the following is found in protein but not in carbohydrate or fat?

1. carbon                                                     c.   nitrogen
2. hydrogen                                                 d. oxygen

          10. Older people generally need less energy than younger people due to:

1. slowed basal metabolic rate.
2. declines in lean body mass.
3. decreases in fat
4. a and b
5. a and c

          11. Sickle-cell disease is an example of an inherited mistake in the amino acid sequence.

1. True
2. False

          12. Which of the following types of foods sustain satiety longer than other foods?

1. high in fiber
2. high in protein
3. high in sugar
4. a and b
5. b and c

          13. If amino acids are oversupplied:

1. the body stores them until they are needed.
2. the body removes and excretes their amine groups.
3. the body converts amino acid residues to glycogen or fat.
4. a and b
5. b and c

          14.   A person who continues exercising moderately for longer than minutes begins to use less glucose and more fat for fuel.

a.   5                                                               c.   15

b.   10                                                            d.   20

          15. Foods rich in beta-carotene include:

1. cantaloupe
2. sweet potatoes.
3. beets.
4. a and b
5. b and c

          16.   A(n)           bond is formed between the amine group end of one amino acid and the acid group end of the next amino acid in a protein.

1. peptide                                                    c.   denatured
2. amino acid                                               d. sulfur

          17.   The Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics recommends   grams protein per kilogram of body weight each day for an endurance athlete.

a.   0.8 to 1.2                                                 c.   1.6 to 2.2

b.   1.2 to 1.4                                                 d.   2.2 to 2.6

          18. Which of the following factors does not influence how much glucose a person uses during physical activity?

1. carbohydrate intake                                c.   duration of the activity
2. age of the person exercising                   d. degree of training of the muscles

          19.   For athletes, the path to bigger muscles includes

1. vigorous physical training.
2. well-timed meals.
3. excess protein consumption.
4. a and b
5. b and c

          20. The psychological desire to eat is referred to as:

1. satiety.                                                     c.   hunger.
2. appetite.                                                  d.   obesity.

          21. All of the following are fat-soluble vitamins except:

1. vitamin A.                                                c.   vitamin C.
2. vitamin D.                                                d.   vitamin K.

          22. Which of the following accounts for the differences among the various amino acids?

1. the amine group
2. the side chain
3. the acid group
4. none of the above

          23. Important roles of vitamin D include all of the following except:

1. cell growth and specialization.
2. influence over hair follicles.
3. influence over reproductive system cells.
4. health of the retina in the eye.

          24. Vitamin A, C, and E serve as:

1. A precursor                                              c.   an antivitamin
2. an antioxidant                                         d. a vitamin antagonist

          25. Strategies that help endurance athletes maintain their blood glucose concentrations for as long as they can include:

1. eating a high-carbohydrate diet regularly.
2. taking in glucose during endurance activities.
3. consuming fat and protein before the event.
4. a and b
5. b and c

          26. By definition, a vitamin is all of the following except:

1. an organic compound.                            c.   needed in minute amounts.
2. indispensable to body function.              d. a non-essential nutrient.

          27. Negative nitrogen balance occurs in:

1. a surgery patient
2. growing children
3. pregnant women
4. lactating women

          28. Which one of the following foods is a good source of vitamin C?:

1. Walnuts                                                   c.   Milk
2. Red bell peppers                                     d. Chicken

          29. Which of the following is based on weight and height and used in clinical settings to assess weight status?

1. BMI                                                          c.   bioelectrical impedance
2. fatfold test                                               d. dual energy X-ray absorptiometry

          30. The B vitamins work together with enzymes in the metabolism of energy nutrients and in the making of new cells.

1. True
2. False

          31.   Any disease that produces       malabsorption can bring about deficiencies of vitamins A, D, E, and K.

1. carbohydrate
2. protein
3. fat
4. a and b
5. b and c

          32. Vitamin A plays an important role in:

1. maintenance of body linings.
2. blood clotting.
3. reproduction.
4. a and b
5. a and c

          33. When amino acids are degraded for energy, their amine groups are stripped off and used elsewhere or incorporated by the liver into:

1. bile.                                                          c.   glucose.
2. urea.                                                        d. urine.

          34. All of the following are involved in signaling satiation except:

1. the stomach.                                            c.   the brain's hypothalamus.
2. the small intestine.                                  d. the heart.

          35. The body normally makes tyrosine from the essential amino acid:

1. phenylalanine.                                         c.   valine.
2. leucine.                                                    d.   lysine.

          36.   In the early minutes of an activity,     provides the majority of energy the muscles use to go into action.

1. fat                                                            c.   muscle glycogen
2. liver glycogen                                          d. protein

          37. No single body composition or weight suits everyone; needs vary by gender, lifestyle, and stage of life.

1. True
2. False

          38. All of the following factors are associated with a higher basal metabolic rate except:

1. stress.                                                      c.   fever.
2. starvation.                                               d. youth.

          39. Proteins attract water and hold it within blood vessels, preventing it from freely flowing into the spaces between the cells. This is an example of how protein is used for:

1. supporting growth and maintenance.
2. building enzymes, hormones, and other compounds.
3. building antibodies.
4. maintaining fluid and electrolyte balance.

          40. Vitamin D deficiency in children can cause bowed legs, an abnormality seen in the disease rickets.

1. True
2. False

          41. What is one symptom of a beta-carotene toxicity?

1. bright yellow skin                                    c.   rough, dry skin
2. night blindness                                        d. hardening of the macula in the eye

          42. All of the following are significant food sources of vitamin D except:

1. salmon.                                                    c.   sardines.
2. rolled oats.                                              d. fortified milk.

          43. A body mass index of 25.0 to 29.9 in an adult indicates:

1. normal weight.                                        c.   underweight.
2. overweight.                                             d. obesity.

          44. The vitamin D deficiency disease in adults is known as:

1. osteomalaci                                          c.   rickets.
2. pellagra.                                                  d. macular degeneration.

          45. How many amino acids are considered to be essential amino acids?

a.   5                                                               c.   9

b.   7                                                              d. 13

          46. According to the movie about the Starvation Study conducted during WWII, all of the following were challenging symptoms of semi-starvation, except?

1. depression                                               c.   physical symptoms such as coldness
2. increased sex drive                                 d. obsession with food

          47.   Excess fat         represents a greater risk to health than excess fat elsewhere on the body.

1. under the skin around the hips               c.   deep within the shoulders
2. deep within the abdomen                       d. under the skin of the chest

          48. The main function of vitamin K is:

1. to act as an antioxidant in cell membranes.
2. to help activate proteins that help clot the blood.
3. to influence body functions through its regulation of the genes.
4. to help synthesize key bone proteins.

          49. Which of the following B vitamins is especially important for women of childbearing age to prevent neural tube defects?

1. Vitamin B6                                               c.   Folate
2. Biotin                                                       d. Vitamin B12

          50. According to the lecture on Health at Every size, competent eating is described as;

1. Knowing how many calories to eat
2. The ability to tell if a food is good or bad
3. balanced between permission to eat desired food with discipline to plan structured meals and snacks
4. severely cutting your calories to lose weight