McNeese State University - BIO 226

Bio 226 exam 2

1)How would you classify the aorta?

1. 1. 1. Conducting artery
2. Distributing artery
3. Resistance artery
4. Arteriole
5. Vein

2. Which of the following is incorrect?
   1. 1. As arteries branch and get smaller, they lose elasticity and gain muscle
      2. Veins rely on skeletal muscle pump for venous return
      3. Capillaries provide blood flow to the body’s tissues
      4. Venous valves that become overstretched result in varicosity

E. Capillaries are often referred to as “capacitance” vessels

3. Which type of capillary is most abundant in the kidneys and small intestine?

A.   Continuous capillary

B. Fenestrated capillary

3. Sinusoidal capillary
4. True capillary
5. None of the above

4. The precapillary sphincter of the skin is , while the precapillary sphincter of the muscle is         

during fight or flight.

1. 1. 1. Open; closed

B. Closed; open

3. Open; open
4. Closed; closed
5. None of the above

5. Which of the following does NOT aid in venous returns in the torso?
   • • A. Gravity

5. 1. 2. Pressure gradient
      3. Cardiac suction
      4. Venous valves
      5. Respiratory pump
6. Harold sustains a massive myocardial infarction and rushed to the ER. As his nurse you observe his pulse is fast and thread, a very low blood pressure, elevated respiratory rate, and clammy skin. Which of the following can you conclude?
   • • A. Harold is undergoing cardiogenic shock

6. 1. 2. Harold is experiencing hypertension due to the heart attack
      3. Harold’s urine output should increase
      4. Harold’s vagal stimulation of the heart should increase
      5. Two of the above
7. What drains ¾ of the body’s lymph?
   1. 1. Lymphatic capillaries
      2. Intestinal trunk

C. Right lymphatic duct

D. Collecting vessels

E. . Thoracic duct

8. Which of the following is true?

A. Lymphatic nodules include tonsils and peyer’s patches

B. The spleen is the biggest lymphatic organ

C. Diffuse lymphatic tissues include the MALT

D. Lymph nodes are composed of a cortex made up of germinal center and a medulla

6. All of the above

9. Which of the following is known as an antibody in plasma?

A. Albumin

B. Beta globulin

C. Fibrinogens

4. Gamma globulin

E. Two of the above

10. While on a mission trip to the Congo, you encounter a population of drought-stricken people who are very malnourished and exhibit bloated abdomens and very little skeletal muscle. What is the most likely the cause of this illness?

A. Elephantiasis

2. Kwashiorkor

C. Angina pectoris

D.               Obstructed venous return shock

E. Hypertension

11. Which of the following is not a function of erythrocytes?

A. Transport oxygen to tissues

B. Maintain pH of blood

C. Pick up carbon dioxide from tissues

D. Provide heat insulation to body

5. Provide protection from infection

12. Hemoglobins composition include:

A. Two alpha globulins and two gamma globulins

B. Two heme groups with iron

C. Four heme groups with potassium

4. Four binding sites for oxygen
5.  Two of the above

13. Which of the following is true for all formed elements?
    1. 1. Renewed by red bone marrow
       2.  Differentiate from hemopoietic stem cells
       3.  Stimulated to be produced by EPO
       4.  Comprise the solutes within the plasma

13. • • E. All of the above
14. Erythropoiesis requires which of the following?

A. 120 days to produce RBC

B. Stem cells in yellow bone marrow

BC. Iron, amino acids, and vitamin K

D. Calcitonin secretion

E.None of the above

15. After drawing blood on one of your patients, the lab report states that excess reticulocytes are abundant in the blood sample. What could this indicate?

A. Hypotension

2. Anemia
3.  Jaundice

D. Infection

E. Elephantiasis

16. Which of the following is true?

A. Typically, systemic blood vessels are undergoing vasodilation

B. Agranulocytes include monocytes, lymphocytes, and neutrophils

C.  B and T lymphocytes are easily distinguishable upon visual identification

4. Thrombocytes are cell fragments from megakaryocytes
5.  The platelet plug involves the formation of fibrin threads

17. Which of the choices below show the correct order for hemostasis?

A.               Coagulation, platelet plug formation, vascular spasm

B. Platelet plug formation, vascular spasm, coagulation

3. Vascular spasm, platelet plug formation, coagulation
4.  Vascular spasm, coagulation, platelet plug formation
5.  Platelet plug formation, coagulation, vascular spasm

18. Jody suffers with rheumatoid arthritis, a chronic debilitating disease of the joints, in which formed element would you expect to see an increase due to this illness?

A. Neutrophils

B. Lymphocytes

C. Thrombocytes

4. Monocytes

E. Erythrocytes

19. Which of the following is true?

A. Females have a higher blood volume due to increased fat deposition

B. Thrombocytes undergo mitosis every 120 days

C.Leukocytes lack a nucleus and most organelles

4. Red bone marrow contains sinusoidal capillaries
5.  Basophils are the first leukocyte to appear at the site of an infection

20. Harris contracts the H1N1 flu virus. Which of the following would you expect to occur?

A. Decreased neutrophils

B. Increased eosinophils

C. Increased lymphocytes

4. Two of the above CB. All of the above

21. A bluish-purple leukocyte that is highly granular with a bilobed nucleus could be classified as:

A. Neutrophils

2. Basophils
3.  Eosinophils
4.  Monocyte
5. Lymphocyte

22. Which of the following is true?

A. Eosinophils are known as polymorphonuclear leukocytes

2. Allergy reactions can often result in increased basophil and eosinophil numbers
3. Jaundice can result from an accumulation of biliverdin, due to liver disorder

D. The most abundant formed element is the neutrophils

E. Fibrogens draw water into the blood to maintain osmotic and blood volume

23. Which of the following is the most important determinant for resistance to blood flow?

A. Blood viscosity

B. Blood vessel length

C.Blood vessel diameter

4.        Angiogenesis
5. None of the above

24. Which of the following is true?

A. Arteries can be categorized as muscular, elastic or resistance

B. The average human blood volume is insufficient to supply all existing blood vessels

C. A venule is a smaller, leakier version of a vein

D. Due to greater pressure, arteries contain additional smooth muscle and elastic fibers

E.All of the above

25. Bryan, a surgical nurse working in an operating room, is on his feet long hours every day. He no- tices that his feet and ankles are often swollen and is beginning to feel pain in his calves and thighs. His coworkers suggest that he wear support socks under his scrubs and exercise his feet and ankles while standing for long periods of time. To what vascular disorder is Bryan susceptible to acquiring?

A. Angiogenesis

2. Varicosity
3.  Hypertension

D. Vascular shock

E. None of the above

26. Why does Bryan’s coworkers suggest that he wears support socks and exercise his feet and an- kles?

A.To increase venous return

B. To stimulate skeletal muscle pump

C. To prevent systemic edema

D. Two of the above

E.All of the above

27. Jacob, a 10 year old who is extremely allergic to peanuts, accidentally ingests some peanut but- ter while at a friend’s house. To which type of shock is Jacob susceptible?

A. Cardiogenic

B. Hypovolemic

C.Vascular

D. Obstructed venous return

E. Two of the above

28. Which of the following hormones lowers blood pressure?

A. ADH

B. Aldosterone

C. Epi/norepi

4. ANP

E. Angiotensin II