Louisiana State University - HIST 2055

Chapter 4 The Imperial Perspective

TRUE/FALSE

1)Britain’s adoption of mercantilist policies set it apart from other European powers of the seventeenth century.

2. Among the enumerated articles of the Navigation Act of 1660 was tobacco.

3. A parliamentary act of 1696 allowed smugglers and others accused of violating the Navigation Acts to be tried by a jury of their peers.

4. In the Dominion of New England, taxes were levied without the consent of the assembly.

5. The Glorious Revolution was bloodier (in terms of battle deaths) than the English Civil War.

6. The Glorious Revolution overthrew James II and replaced him with his son, James III.

7. John Locke’s writings justified revolution in some cases.

8. Through the first half of the eighteenth century, the power of the colonial assemblies generally declined.

9. Colonial governors retained powers and prerogatives that the king no longer had.

10. Of the great colonial wars of the eighteenth century, King William’s War was the fourth.

11. The New England colonies were hurt more than the southern colonies in the colonial wars of the first half of the eighteenth century.

12. Benjamin Franklin headed the committee that produced the Plan of Union in 1754.

13. Spain fought on the side of England in the Seven Years’ War.

14. The Seven Years’ War was truly a world war.

15. England’s victory in the Seven Years’ War ended its long-term rivalry with France.

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. The ultimate source of legal authority in the colonies was:
   1. Parliament
   2. the king
   3. the Lords of Trade
   4. the people of Britain
   5. God

2. The Navigation Act of 1651:
   1. was contrary to mercantilist principles
   2. required all goods imported into Britain or the colonies to be shipped in British vessels
   3. was mainly an attempt to wrest the colonial trade from the French
   4. was a free trade agreement between England and Holland
   5. was repealed once Cromwell came to power

3. Mercantilism involved:
   1. government’s attempt to maintain a favorable balance of trade
   2. allowing Americans the ability to govern themselves
   3. encouraging colonists to develop manufacturing
   4. a commitment to absolute free trade
   5. one of the earliest experiments in socialism

4. The Navigation Acts specified “enumerated” goods that:
   1. Americans were not allowed to export
   2. could only be purchased with gold or silver
   3. would not be taxed once imported into the mother country
   4. could only be shipped to England or its colonies
   5. could be sold at discount prices

5. The Navigation Acts did all of the following EXCEPT:
   1. cause resentment among Americans
   2. increase customs revenue collected in England
   3. prove difficult to enforce
   4. date back to the period of Cromwell’s rule
   5. increase trade with England’s rivals

6. In 1678, a defiant Massachusetts legislature declared the Navigation Acts:
   1. an insult to the colonists
   2. only applicable to the southern colonies
   3. in violation of international law
   4. an act of treason by Britain
   5. had no legal standing in the colony

7. The Dominion of New England:
   1. was created by Oliver Cromwell
   2. was limited to the colonies founded by the Puritans
   3. led to the bloody overthrow of James II
   4. marked an attempt to bolster the authority of the Crown
   5. delayed the American Revolution by 75 years

8. A major cause of the Glorious Revolution in Britain was James II’s:
   1. devotion to Catholicism
   2. determination to regulate colonial trade
   3. scandalous lifestyle
   4. effort to improve relations with France
   5. relaxed style of leadership

9. As royal governor of the Dominion of New England, Sir Edmund Andros:
   1. was popular in Boston

1. 2. increased the authority of the Massachusetts assembly
   3. was deposed as a result of the Glorious Revolution
   4. initiated the prosecution of Salem’s witches
   5. recognized the Puritan monopoly of religion

10. The Glorious Revolution in Britain:
    1. resulted in the overthrow of Charles I
    2. was a setback for British Protestants
    3. was not a legitimate uprising according to John Locke
    4. was soon regretted by the public as it decreased individual rights
    5. brought William and Mary to the throne

11. As a result of the Glorious Revolution, Massachusetts:
    1. became a proprietary colony
    2. became a corporate colony
    3. no longer had an official church
    4. established the Anglican Church as the official religion
    5. was united with Plymouth as a royal colony

12. One change brought to the American colonies after the Glorious Revolution was that the:
    1. concept of the Dominion of New England was extended to the southern colonies
    2. colonies were inspired to lead a revolt against King William
    3. new monarch showed little interest in the colonies because of his desire to force the French out of North America
    4. monarchy attempted to tighten its grip on the colonies by making more of them royal colonies
    5. crown paid for more people to migrate to the colonies

13. John Locke’s contract theory of government argued that:
    1. men have certain rights in the state of nature, including the right to life, liberty, and property
    2. governments were formed when strong men seized authority as kings to protect natural rights
    3. kings have a “divine right” to rule their subjects as long as their subjects prosper
    4. the only legitimate governments are ones that allow all adults, regardless of sex and race, to vote
    5. government’s chief duty is to wage war against other nations

14. John Locke’s 1690 writings on government:
    1. explained when people had a right to revolution

1. 2. supported divine right monarchy
   3. called for the repeal of the Navigation Acts
   4. provided a justification for slavery
   5. were used to draft new trade acts

15. A writ of assistance was:
    1. an order to the public to assist police officers in arresting suspected smugglers
    2. a blanket search warrant that did not specify the place to be searched
    3. the legal order that guaranteed trial by jury
    4. a government document used to assess criminal fines on colonists suspected of smuggling
    5. official permission to unload cargo in a colonial port

16. The first minister of the Privy Council Robert Walpole’s relaxed policy toward the colonies:
    1. was criticized by the king
    2. enabled the Americans to pursue greater political independence
    3. resulted in his impeachment
    4. was seen as a positive policy in colonial relations by the crown
    5. reflected his lack of interest in his official duties

17. During the period of salutary neglect:
    1. the British government took less of a role in governing the American colonies
    2. new and efficient trade regulations were introduced
    3. William and Mary ruled Britain
    4. a new trade board, the Lords of Trade and Plantations, was introduced
    5. Americans developed a powerful desire for independence

18. The British policy of salutary neglect:
    1. indicated the government’s rejection of mercantilism
    2. is associated with the leadership of Robert Walpole
    3. showed Britain’s declining interest in its colonies
    4. exempted the colonists from taxes
    5. was deeply resented by Americans

19. Colonial royal governors:
    1. held their offices for life
    2. tended to be devoted and effective public servants
    3. were elected by property-owning males
    4. had veto power over colonial assemblies
    5. were required to be devoutly religious

20. Colonial governors:
    1. appointed members of colonial assemblies
    2. in some respects retained more power than the king
    3. were trained in public service at either Oxford or Cambridge
    4. were basically dictators
    5. were required to be natives of the colonies

21. During the eighteenth century, colonial assemblies:
    1. were appointive instead of elective bodies
    2. included both men and women
    3. expanded their influence and power
    4. lost their power to approve new taxes
    5. were hotbeds of revolutionary agitation

22. The right to vote for members of the colonial assemblies was:
    1. greatly restricted because of high property qualifications
    2. open to women in most colonies
    3. extended to a greater proportion of the population than anywhere else in the world
    4. based on the same property qualifications as required to vote for Parliament in Britain
    5. given to all adult males as a result of the Glorious Revolution

23. Which of the following were the two key powers of the colonial assemblies?
    1. the power to vote on taxes and expenditures and the power to initiate legislation
    2. the power to approve appointments of the governor and the power to override his vetoes
    3. the power to approve taxes and the power to approve the appointments of the governor
    4. the power to set times of elections and the power to grant pardons
    5. the power to appoint governors and the power to remove them

24. The Spanish colonies in North America failed, in part, because:
    1. the region lacked the gold and silver of Central and South America
    2. the region had a greater native population than Central and South America
    3. the Spanish colonizers did not pay enough attention to military matters
    4. Spaniards were lazy and incompetent colonial administrators
    5. they were under constant attack from the French and English

25. French colonists in North America:
    1. were very diverse in ethnicity and religion
    2. established large plantations wherever they settled
    3. established cooperative relations with the Indians
    4. lived under dictatorial governments
    5. were the first to call for a revolution

26. The man who established Quebec in 1608 and governed New France until 1635 was:

27. Which of the following did the French settle first?
    1. Mobile
    2. New Orleans
    3. Detroit
    4. St. Louis
    5. Quebec

28. The missionary priests who so energetically served in New France were:
    1. Dominicans
    2. Deists
    3. Jesuits
    4. Huguenots
    5. Franciscans

29. La Salle’s great achievement was to:
    1. discover the Great Lakes
    2. follow the Mississippi River to the Gulf of Mexico
    3. establish New Orleans
    4. convert thousands of Indians to Christianity
    5. explore and map western Canada

30. By 1750, the French population in North America:
    1. had begun to diminish
    2. was largely in Louisiana
    3. was vastly outnumbered by the English
    4. had a similar number of men and women
    5. was only about half Roman Catholic

31. A series of British wars against the French began during the reign of King:
    1. Charles II
    2. James II
    3. William
    4. George I
    5. Richard III

32. During the colonial wars, population losses were especially severe in:
    1. Virginia

1. 2. Quebec
   3. Pennsylvania
   4. New York
   5. Massachusetts

33. Of the four major wars involving the European powers and their New World colonies, the climactic conflict between Britain and France was:
    1. King William’s War
    2. Queen Anne’s War
    3. The Thirty Years War
    4. King George’s War
    5. the French and Indian War

34. The French and Indian War was triggered by:
    1. conflicting French and English claims to the Ohio Valley
    2. religious tension between French Catholics and English Protestants
    3. the expansionist policies of Louis XIV
    4. French anger over English restrictions on trade and shipping
    5. the desire of both sides to pull their economies out of depression

35. As a result of George Washington’s engagement with the French at Fort Necessity:
    1. the British recognized French claims west of the Appalachians
    2. Washington proved himself a brilliant military strategist
    3. Washington established Pittsburgh
    4. Washington was forced to surrender
    5. Washington became overall commander of the English forces

36. At the Albany Congress:
    1. Americans for the first time seriously discussed independence
    2. colonists criticized plans for war against France
    3. Ben Franklin and others drafted a plan for a united colonial government
    4. delegates rejected the idea of seeking Indian allies against the French
    5. the English and the French tried to negotiate a peace settlement

37. As a result of the British capture of Nova Scotia, its Acadian inhabitants were:
    1. enslaved
    2. made British subjects
    3. slaughtered
    4. expelled
    5. taken to England

38. The Cajuns of Louisiana were:
    1. French Protestants driven from their homeland in southern France
    2. French who escaped from the British forces when Britain took over Nova Scotia
    3. a group of British who obtained permission from the French to settle in Louisiana
    4. a group of Indians who assimilated French customs and language
    5. Spaniards who left Florida when the British took over after 1763

39. The result of General Edward Braddock’s effort to capture Fort Duquesne was:
    1. a devastating ambush and defeat
    2. a conventional European-style battle
    3. a prolonged and successful siege
    4. Braddock’s promotion to governor of Virginia
    5. French withdrawal from the Ohio valley

40. The war that erupted between the French and the British in North America:
    1. lasted two years
    2. became a world war
    3. resulted in a draw
    4. sparked massive protest in London
    5. was the last war fought between them

41. All of the following opposed Britain in the Seven Years’ War EXCEPT:
    1. Spain
    2. France
    3. Austria
    4. Prussia
    5. Russia

42. William Pitt helped the British gain the advantage over the French by:
    1. personally commanding troops in the field
    2. focusing on the war in Europe
    3. enlisting the colonists as full partners in the war effort
    4. increasing funding for the British navy
    5. giving many inspirational speeches

43. The decisive battle of the French and Indian War concluded with General Wolfe’s capture of:
    1. Louisbourg

1. 2. Fort Duquesne
   3. New Orleans
   4. Quebec
   5. Montreal

44. In the South, British troops and colonial militia fought the:
    1. Iroquois
    2. Cherokees
    3. Shawnees
    4. Hurons
    5. Ottawas

45. As a result of the 1763 Treaty of Paris, Britain acquired        from Spain.
    1. Florida
    2. New Orleans
    3. Mexico
    4. Cuba
    5. California

46. As a result of its defeat in the war, France:
    1. ceased to be a great power
    2. became an ally of the British
    3. lost all of its territory in North America
    4. removed all its settlers from Louisiana
    5. had to pay a huge sum for war damages

47. At the end of the war, New Orleans and all of the French lands west of the Mississippi:
    1. went to Spain
    2. went to Britain
    3. remained French
    4. became independent
    5. none of the above

48. Pontiac’s Rebellion involved all of the following EXCEPT:
    1. Indian attacks on the British frontier
    2. British use of germ warfare against the Indians
    3. the leadership of an Ottawa chief by that name
    4. Indian rejection of the terms of the Treaty of Paris
    5. the return of French soldiers to Canada

49. The immediate consequence of Pontiac’s Rebellion resulted in most Americans believing that:
    1. they could now live in harmony with the Native Americans