Mutagens can cause mutations by _________. 1)Covalently altering the structure of the nucleotides.

2)Causing errors in DNA replication by disrupting the appropriate pairing between nucleotides.

3)Distorting the helical structure of the DNA strand.

4) All the above

5)Only a and b

Gene transfer in which the bacterial cell takes up DNA from the environment is called ________.

1)Conjugation

2) Binary fission

3)Asexual reproduction

4)Transformation

5)Transduction

A plasmid that carries genes that enable the bacterial cell to survive in the presence of certain antibiotics, is what type of plasmid?

1)Resistance plasmid

2) Degradative plasmid

3)Co-plasmid

4)Virulence plasmid

5) Fertility plasmid