In his book Outliers, author Malcolm Gladwell argues that more American-born

baseball players have birthdates in the months immediately following July 31 because that was the cutoff date for non-school baseball leagues. The table below lists months of births for a sample of American-born baseball players and foreign-born baseball players. Using a 0.05 significance level, is there sufficient evidence to warrant rejection of the claim that months of births of baseball players are independent of whether they are born in America?


Based on your hypothesis test, do the data support Gladwell's claim that more American-born baseball players have birth dates in the months immediately following July 31?