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A)Minimax construction company buys a delivery van for $600,000 on 1st January 2019

Accounting

A)Minimax construction company buys a delivery van for $600,000 on 1st January 2019. Its estimated useful life in the business is 5 years, after which it will be sold for an estimated residual value of $50,000. Required: Prepares tables showing the carrying amounts brought down and carried down and the depreciation expense for each of the 5 years of useful life using: a. Straight line method of depreciation b. Reducing balance depreciation (8 Marks) B. In 2002 the financial scandals have shaken the world and pressures on the urgency of structured and strong system which should control and keep a balance between the relationship of stakeholders and minimize the agency problem. (i) Explain the meaning of corporate governance? (ii) What are the primary objectives of implementing corporate governance mechanism? Support your answer with example. (3+4 = 7 Marks) Explain and discuss with examples errors that are not revealed by unadjusted trial balance.

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A. i) Depriciation expense using Straight line method of depriciation is as follows:-

Depriciation expense= Original cost- residual value/ Useful life

= $6,00,000- $50,000/5= $ 1,10,000 per year

The table showing the carrying amount brought down and carried down and depriciation expense for the 5 years is as follows:-

Date Balance b/d Depriciation expense Balance c/d
31st January,2019 6,00,000 1,10,000 4,90,000
31st January,2020 4,90,000 1,10,000 3,80,000
31st January,2021 3,80,000 1,10,000 2,70,000
31st January,2022 2,70,000 1,10,000 1,60,000
31st January,2023 1,60,000 1,10,000 50,000 (Residual value)
       

ii) Depriciation expense using Reducing Balance method of depriciation is as follows:-

When the cost of asset, residual value and useful life of an asset is given, then rate of depriciation is calculated as follows:-

r= 1-(S-C)1/n

where, r= rate of depriciation

S= Residual value

C= Original cost

n= Useful life

r= 1-(50,000-6,00,000)1/5

r= 40%

Date Balance b/d Depriciation rate Depriciation expense Balance c/d
31st January,2019 6,00,000 40% 2,40,000 3,60,000
31st January,2020 3,60,000 40% 1,44,000 2,16,000
31st January,2021 2,16,000 40% 86,400 1,29,600
31st January,2022 1,29,600 40% 51,840 77,760
31st January,2023 77,760 35.7% 27,760( Balancing figure) 50,000 (Residual value)
         

B. Corporate Governance is a system by which companies are directed and governed by the management in the best interests of the stakeholders and others ensuring better management,greater transparency and timely financial reporting.

The primary objectives of implementing corporate governance includes accountability, transparency and equality of treatment for all stakeholders. The main objective is to protect the long-term interest of the shareholders. A good corporate governance can lift up a company's influence and reputation.

For example:- HDFC Bank identifies the significance of good corporate governance which ensures the long-term interests of the shareholders.

C. The following errors that are not revealed by the unadjusted trial balance is as follows:-

i) Error of complete omission:- If the transaction is completely omitted, then it does not affect the trial balance.

ii)Error of principle:- It is an error which violates the fundamentals of book-keeping. For example:- Purchase of furniture is debited to purchase account instead of furniture account.

iii) Posting to Wrong account :- If the amount is credited to Jony account but in actual it is to be credited to James account, then these type of errors cannot be revealed in trial balance.

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