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A parallel-plate capacitor is charged to 5000 V

Physics Jan 18, 2021

A parallel-plate capacitor is charged to 5000 V. A proton is fired into the center of the capacitor at a speed of 3.7×105 m/s as shown in (Figure 1) . The proton is deflected while inside the capacitor, and the plates are long enough that the proton will hit one of them before emerging from the far side of the capacitor.

Expert Solution

E = electric field between the plates

V = potential difference = 5000 v

d = distance between the plates

Electric field is given as

E = V/d = 5000/d

q = charge on proton

Force on the proton

F = qE

a = acceleration = F/m = qE/m = 5000q/(md)

Y = displacement = d/2

initial velocity = Vi = 0

Vf = final velocity

Using the equation

Vf2 = Vi2 + 2 a Y

Vf2 = 02 + 2 (5000q/(md)) (d/2)

Vf2 = 5000 x 1.6 x 10-19 / (1.67 x 10-27)

Vf2 = 4.8 x 1011

Along the horizontal direction

Vf' = Vi = 3.7 x 105 m/s

impact speed = V = sqrt (Vf2 + Vf'2 ) = sqrt (4.8 x 1011 + (3.7 x 105 )2) = 7.86 x 105 m/s

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