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Question 1 Police can sometimes engage in an informal policy of _____________ young minorities as probable perpetrators of crime

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Question 1 Police can sometimes engage in an informal policy of _____________ young minorities as probable perpetrators of crime.

Answers:        

color-coding

excusing

coaching

bribing

 

Question 2 In America, the land of the free and home of the brave, which of the following may give cause to question whether we are as free as we would like to think we are?

Answers:        

rules made by the ruling class

eight to ten parallel systems of social control exist in American society.

the economy never allowing the majority to achieve the "American Dream"

too many cops out on our streets

 

Question 3 Marijuana use became illegal in the United States in 1937 in large part because:

Answers:        

of religious opposition to its use

of its association with crimes of violence

public sentiment favored making it illegal

of its association with the Mexican-American population

 

Question 4 Discrimination involves:

Answers:        

picking the smallest common denominator to weed out all the others

an act or behavior that causes one group or individual to be treated differently

an instance of adverse opinion or learning about one group or individual as inferior

the belief structure about a group or individual as inferior

 

Question 5 Blinde and Traube suggest all of the following regarding the label of lesbianism EXCEPT

Answers:        

imputing the label of lesbianism is one way of discrediting women who violate gender norms

the lesbian label is a way of controlling women who enter traditional male-dominated activities

lesbianism does not represent a threat to the patriarchal social order because women have low status to begin with

the accusation of lesbianism is a powerful controlling mechanism given high levels of homophobia

 

Question 6 A moral panic serves a distinct stabilizing function that can lead to ____________.

Answers:        

natural disasters

community unity

a knowledge class

unsettling social conditions

 

Question 7 Street crimes are often punished with stiffer penalties than white collar crimes because of their:

Answers:        

bias

visibility

prejudice

demeanor

 

Question 8 Drug scares continue to occur in American society because of the constant cultural contradictions between the mass consumption culture and a(n) ___________.

Answers:        

temperance culture

television culture

drug culture

working class culture

 

Question 9 Brunson and Miller’s research suggests that young Black males in this study

Answers:        

were no more likely than anyone else to be stopped by the police when in public

believed that police besieged their neighborhoods because officers assumed many people living there, especially young black men, were criminals

were no more likely than their white counterparts to be arrested before their 21st birthday

were tolerant about the police presence in public places and understood why they were being stopped – to lower crime for the neighborhood

 

Question 10 According to Jenkins, online child pornography is an example of a social issue that

Answers:        

although an obvious candidate for a moral panic, failed to launch into one

invariably have long-lasting, public policy implications

simply cannot be understood theoretically due to many conflicting factors

like most moral panics, came and passed quickly without long term social implications

 

Question 11 To educate, or lift up the lower status group to a reformer’s “higher” plain of existance is called?

Answers:        

Redemptive reform

Punative reform

Coercive reform

Assimulative reform

 

Question 12 A recurring feature of US society according to Reinarman has been

Answers:        

fears of outsider beginning with Communism in 1917

a cycle of little widespread use of drugs followed by legislation against drugs giving rise to a huge user population and a greater problem

drug scares beginning with the laws to prohibit marijuana

drug scares beginning with the Temperance movement

 

Question 13 Chambliss’s study of the Saints and Roughnecks shows

Answers:        

males, especially those from lower socioeconomic backgrounds, are more likely to engage in serious forms of delinquency than are females

how being in the “wrong place at the wrong time” can result in some groups being labeled deviant while others are seen as legitimate

how the power of social class facilitates labeling some groups as deviant and others as legitimate even though behavior of both is similar

the power of schools and the police to reinforce positive values and social bonds for some groups of students, thereby preventing delinquency

 

Question 14 When a new set of rules is created, we often find that a new set of _________ is established.

Answers:        

dominant classes

knowledge classes

rule enforcers

authoritarian society

 

Question 15 Blinde and Traube’s analysis of interview data identified two major issues or themes relating to stereotypes in sport, which are

Answers:        

widespread discussion among female athletes regarding lesbianism in women’s sport and rejection of such stereotypes as self-attributes

gay male athletes were treated more harshly lesbian female athletes

silence about lesbianism in women’s sport and female athletes’ internalization of lesbian stereotypes

silence about lesbianism in women’s sport was mediated by a firm commitment on the part of coaches and universities to challenge stereotypes

 

Question 16 When Tuggle and Holmes refer to the “status politics of cigarette smoking” they are referring to all of the following EXCEPT

Answers:        

moral and political entrepreneurs who have successfully defined smoking tobacco as deviant behavior

moral demarcation of the divergent lifestyles of the smoker and the nonsmoker

targeting of working class lifestyle for its unhealthy, deviant behaviors

a lack of conclusive scientific evidence for smoking as a health hazard

 

Question 17 Pager’s research offers what evidence about the effects of prison on employment?

Answers:        

Direct evidence that the nature of the crime and criminal record is a more important factor in employment, and may not always create a problem

Direct evidence of a causal relationship between a criminal record and negative employment outcomes

Little or no evidence that a criminal record alone serves as a barrier to employment for persons with criminal records

Evidence of a correlation between a criminal record and employment outcomes

 

Question 18 The attitudes exhibited by deviants is also called what?

Answers:        

exhibition

bias

visibility

demeanor

 

Question 19 A moral entrepreneur often associates a number of social “ills” to one behavior in an attempt to change that behavior. This is able to be accomplished due to society’s:

Answers:        

vocabulary of the common everyman

vocabulary of status-set realignment

vocabulary of attribution

vocabulary of attrition

 

Question 20 Becker's concept of "moral entrepreneur," refers to:

Answers:        

persons who commit victimless crimes.

those who can create new ideas of morality.

social scientists who look for causes of deviance.

persons who are labeled as deviants.

 

Question 21 All of the following are characteristics of a moral panic, except ____________.

Answers:        

Volatile

Hostile

Widespread

Rational

 

Question 22 When a single person or thing has been scapegoated as central to a host of social problems, this creates a new:

Answers:        

folk dance

folk way

folk devil

folk song

 

Question 23 In order to reinforce prejudice, which of the following is often applied to deviants:

Answers:        

denouncement from their church of choice

negative labels

laws such as affirmative action

a mark of red paint on their forehead

 

Question 24 The term that describes the clash of pluralistic cultures is:

Answers:        

the war between cannibalistic tribes

polarized symbolic-moral universes

symbolically immorally-behaviored universes

antarctica versus the artic circle

 

Question 25 The two goals of a moral entrepreneur are:

Answers:        

generate public awareness & bring about a moral conversion

criminalize new deviance & legislate the president

generate public awareness & decriminalize current laws

bring about a moral conversion & enforce all the new rules

 

Question 26 Different community and school perceptions and treatment of the Saints and the Roughnecks are due to all of the following EXCEPT

Answers:        

visibility: the Saints’ economic resources enabled them to commit their deviant acts away from center their hometown and community unlike the Roughnecks

demeanor: the Saints unlike the Roughnecks responded to authorities with politeness, appearing apologetic and penitent when accused of wrongdoing

bias: community tended to excuse Saints but not Roughnecks for deviant acts

political correctness: the Saints unlike the Roughnecks were politically more conservative, voted in elections and discussed current political issues

 

Question 27 All of the following are elements of drug scares and repressive laws EXCEPT:

Answers:        

the existence of professional interest groups

drug use connected with a minority group

rigorous scientific research establishing the objective harm of drug

scapegoating a drug for a variety of social problems

 

Question 28 In the ingrediants of a moral panic, Routinization of Caricature part of:

Answers:        

historical context of conflict

a kernel of truth

localization of the issue

media magnification

 

Question 29 In the article by Pager, what was the effect of race on job seekers in terms of callbacks from employers for those WITHOUT and WITH criminal records?

Answers:        

large effect: whites WITHOUT criminal records received fewer callbacks than blacks WITH criminal records

mixed effect: little no difference for those WITH criminal records but blacks WITHOUT criminal records received more callbacks than similar whites

no effect: blacks and whites received about the same amount of callbacks for those WITHOUT and those WITH criminal records

large effect: blacks WITHOUT criminal records received fewer callbacks than whites WITH criminal records

 

Question 30 Chambliss’s study of the Saints and Roughnecks shows

Answers:        

how the power of social class facilitates labeling some groups as deviant and others as legitimate even though behavior of both is similar

males, especially those from lower socioeconomic backgrounds, are more likely to engage in serious forms of delinquency than are females

the power of schools and the police to reinforce positive values and social bonds for some groups of students, thereby preventing delinquency

how being in the “wrong place at the wrong time” can result in some groups being labeled deviant while others are seen as legitimate