Test statistics are calculated from a sample, and they can be Z-scores or T-values. This value can be converted to a probability value that is an indication of a possible rejection of the null hypothesis.

A test statistic such as a Z-value indicates the number of standard deviations that the measured value is away from the value specified in a null hypothesis. Small Z values are close to the central area of the probability curve and have larger probabilities (p). As the Z increases, we are further from the center and the probability (p-value) becomes smaller. A p-value of 0.02 would indicate a rejection of the null hypothesis at the alpha = 0.05 level, as the p is smaller than 0.05.

Answer: As the test statistic becomes larger, the p-value: a. becomes smaller