1)Despite being non coding, any spots of particular importance within the sequences represented by brown lines? Explain

1)Despite being non coding, any spots of particular importance within the sequences represented by brown lines? Explain.

2)What happens to the sequences represented by brown lines after transcription? Which molecule(s) is/are involved? Are the molecules interchangeable or specialized? How is that different from what happens to tRNA genes?

3)Can multiple mRNA molecules be produced from the given region? Why? Give an example based on the given illustration. 

4)Will all possible variants from part c be translated? Why?

5)What is the importance of the grey box and the sequences in it? 

6)Based on its sequence, which important base(s) does the grey box have? Why are they important?

7)The start codon in EX1 starts at location +37 (from the TSS). 

1. What do +1 to +36 represent?
2. What do sites -1 to -30 represent?

8)The dots represent sequences that signal the addition of a poly A tail about 35 nucleotides downstream from the dot. 

9)How many different proteins may be produced based on these polyadenylation sites? Explain.

10)The two sites farther downstream are outside the coding region, how can they lead to different effect on the cell? How?

11)Which stage of modification will that be (i.e., pre or post/transcription or translation)?

12)Assume that every day a person eats food that increases the methylation levels in their cells and DNA (addition of methyl or -CH₃). 

13)Which of the nucleotides in a region like the one given usually gets methylated? Which enzyme is involved? 

14)What happens to the chromatin after adding -CH₃ to it? Is the modification pre or post/transcription or translation?

15)What changed between the original sequence and the one after methylation? Do you think it is heritable?