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1) a) What is third-force psychology? What did the third-force psychologists see as the limitations of the other two forces? b) Describe Brentano’s phenomenology

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1) a) What is third-force psychology? What did the third-force psychologists see as the limitations of the other two forces? b) Describe Brentano’s phenomenology. What did he mean by intentionality? What did Husserl mean by pure phenomenology?

2) a) According to Horney, what are the three major adjustment patterns that neurotics can use while interacting with people? How does the way normal people use these patterns differ from the way neurotics use them? b) Did Horney agree with Freud’s contention that anatomy is destiny? Why, according to Horney, do women sometimes feel inferior to men?

3) a) Summarize the main differences between Freud’s and Adler’s theories of personality. b) In what way(s) did Vaihinger’s philosophy of “as if” influence Adler’s theory of personality? How does Adler’s theory relate to Nietzsche?

4) a) Define the following terms from Jung’s theory: collective unconscious, archetype, persona, anima, animus, shadow, and self. b) Define the following terms from Adler’s theory: compensation, feelings of inferiority, inferiority complex, worldview, guiding fiction, lifestyle, and social interest.

5) a) Why do researchers, such as Loftus, question the existence of repressed memories? b) Summarize the major criticisms and contributions of Freud’s theory. c) What were Anna Freud’s contributions to psychoanalysis? Why is she considered a pioneer of ego psychology?

6) What, according to Freud, is the function of the ego defense mechanisms? Why is repression considered the most basic ego defense mechanism? Explain what Freud meant when he said that civilization is built on sublimation.

7) a) Why did Freud feel the need to postulate the existence of a death instinct? What types of behavior did this instinct explain?

b) What was Freud’s view of human nature? Religion? What was his hope for humankind?

8) a) Define the term parapraxes and show its importance to Freud’s contention that much everyday behavior is unconsciously motivated. b) Give an example showing the interactions among the id, the ego, and the superego.

9) a) Explain the significance of dream analysis for Freud. What is the difference between the manifest and the latent content of a dream? What is meant by dream work? b) What is the Oedipus complex, and what is its significance in Freud’s theory?

10) a) What did Freud mean when he said that true psychoanalysis began only after hypnosis had been discarded? b) What was Freud’s seduction theory? What did Freud conclude his mistake regarding the seduction theory had been?