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A red light flashes at position xR = 3
A red light flashes at position xR = 3.00 m and time tR = 3.00 x 10-8 s and a blue light flashes at xB = 9.0 m and time tB = 4.80 x 10-8 s. (All values are measured in the S reference frame.) Reference frame S' moves constantly to the right. Both flashes are observed to occur at the same time in S'.
a. Find the relative velocity between S and S'.
b. Find the time of the two flashes in frame S'.
c. Find the locations of the two flashes in the S' frame.
Expert Solution
An event that happens at time t and position x in S happens at time t' and position x' in S' where:
x' = gamma [x-vt] (1)
t' = gamma [t-vx/c^2] (2)
where
gamma = 1/sqrt[1-v^2/c^2]
Here it is assumed that at time t = 0, the origins of the coordinate systems S and S' coincide and that the clocks of both systems are set equal.
Using (2) you can relate the time difference of two events in S' to the difference in position and time of the events in S:
delta t' = gamma [delta t - v/c^2 delta x]
If delta t' = 0, then:
v = c^2 delta t/delta x
If you insert in here the time differences and spatial distances between the two light flashes, you find:
v = 0.899 c =2.696*10^8 m/s
gamma = 2.2874
and the events in S' have the coordinates:
x_{R}' = gamma [x_{R} - vt_{R}] = -11.64 m
t_{R}' = gamma [t_{R} - v/c^2 x_{R}] = 4.804*10^(-8)s
x_{B}' = gamma [x_{B} - vt_{B}] = -9.017 m
t_{B}' = gamma [t_{B} - v/c^2 x_{B}] = 4.804*10^(-8)s
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