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Biology

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1. Write a formula for:
(a) a male with Down syndrome (due to the presence of an extra chromosome 21)
(b) a female with Turner syndrome (only one X chromosome)
(c) a female with cri du chat syndrome (deletion of a portion of p arm of chromosome 5)
(d) a male with Klinefelter syndrome (two X chromosomes and one Y chromosome)
(e) a female with a Philadelphia chromosome (tanslocation between chromosomes 9 and 22). People suffering from a form of leukemia (chronic myeloid leukemia) frequently harbor cells containing the Philadelphia chromosome.

2. Abnormalities in chromosome number are detrimental and usually lethal. Speculate as to why the impact of abnormal numbers in chromosome 21 and in sex chromosomes are relatively mild.