Bio Final Exam   What is recombinant DNA? What is a genetically modified organism? What are restriction enzymes? Where do restriction enzymes come from? What are restriction sites? What are sticky ends? What is cDNA? Why is cDNA used to clone eukaryotic genes into prokaryotes? What is reverse transcriptase? What is reverse transcriptase used for?

1. What is recombinant DNA?

DNA that has been formed artificially by combining constituents from different organisms.

2. What is a genetically modified organism?

an organism whose genetic material has been altered using genetic engineering techniques

3. What are restriction enzymes?

used to cut a specific location of the DNA

4. Where do restriction enzymes come from?

bacteria

5. What are restriction sites?

specific to the site they cut

6. What are sticky ends?

the uneven ends that are left after the site is cut

7. What is cDNA?

(complementary DNA) Single-stranded DNA synthesized in the laboratory using messenger RNA as a template and the enzyme reverse transcriptase.

8. Why is cDNA used to clone eukaryotic genes into prokaryotes?

...

9. What is reverse transcriptase?

An enzyme that catalyzes the formation of DNA from an RNA template in reverse transcription.

10. What is reverse transcriptase used for?

used to make a "library" of DNA clones from RNA