Bio Final Exam     What are the nucleotides found in DNA? RNA? What bases pair with each other? What are the difference(s) between DNA and RNA? What enzyme(s) is/are responsible for DNA replication? What enzyme reads the DNA template and polymerizes the RNA strand? What are the phases of transcription? What is the role of the ribosome? What is the role of tRNA? How many bases in the RNA molecule equal an amino acid in the resulting protein? What are the phases of translation?

1. What are the nucleotides found in DNA? RNA?

• DNA - adenine, thymine, cytosine, guanine
• RNA - adenine, uracil, cytosine, guanine

2. What bases pair with each
   other?

• A & T or A & U, G & C

3. What are the difference(s) between DNA and RNA?

• DNA - double stranded, dna codes for everything, A&T
• RNA - single stranded, makes proteins, A&U

4. What enzyme(s) is/are responsible for DNA replication?

DNA polymerase and helicase

5. What enzyme reads the DNA template and
   polymerizes the RNA strand?

RNA polymerase

6. What are the phases of transcription?

1) Pre-initiation 2) initiation 3) promoter clearance 4) elongation 5) termination

7. What is the role of the ribosome?

site of protein synthesis

8. What is the role of tRNA?

carries the correct amino acid to the mRNA on the ribosome during protein synthesis

9. How many bases in the RNA molecule equal an amino acid in the resulting protein?

3 bases

10. What are the phases of translation?

initiation, elongation, translocation, termination