bacteria, lichens, mosses, weeds, grasses, bushes, trees a fully developed ecosystem consisting of many large trees all of the living things in an area plus all the abiotic factors; transform energy and matter use sunlight energy through photosynthesis to produce sugar use chemical energy through chemosynthesis to produce sugar eat and digest decomposers show the transfer of energy from producers to tertiary consumers show a network of interactions between many organisms in an ecosystem all carbon is taken in ultimately as CO2 during photosynthesis and turned into glucose ; the carbon in glucose is converted back CO2 during cellular respiration; carbon is also deposited when things die, to become fossil fuels; when we burn fossil fuels we convert the organic molecules back into CO2 living organisms need phosphorous to build phosphate groups in DNA; living organisms take up phosphates from the environment, and pass between trophic levels phosphate, sugar, base nitrogen gas in the atmosphere is absorbed by nitrogen-fixing bacteria; nitrogen is transferred in proteins and nucleic acids between organisms in the food web; denitrifying bacteria turn nitrogen in proteins and nucleic acids back into N2 gas percolation, transpiration, evaporation, precipitation, runoff, condensation  

1. order of succession

bacteria, lichens, mosses, weeds, grasses, bushes, trees

2. climax forest

a fully developed ecosystem consisting of many large trees

3. ecosystem

all of the living things in an area plus all the abiotic factors; transform energy and matter

4. photoautotrophs

use sunlight energy through photosynthesis to produce sugar

5. chemoautotrophs

use chemical energy through chemosynthesis to produce sugar

6. detritivore

eat and digest decomposers

7. food chains

show the transfer of energy from producers to tertiary consumers

8. food webs

show a network of interactions between many organisms in an ecosystem

9. carbon cycle

all carbon is taken in ultimately as CO2 during photosynthesis and turned into glucose ; the carbon in glucose is converted back CO2 during cellular respiration; carbon is also deposited when things die, to become fossil fuels; when we burn fossil fuels we convert the organic molecules back into CO2

10. phosphorous cycle

living organisms need phosphorous to build phosphate groups in DNA; living organisms take up phosphates from the environment, and pass between trophic levels

11. nucleotides

phosphate, sugar, base

12. nitrogen cycle

nitrogen gas in the atmosphere is absorbed by nitrogen-fixing bacteria; nitrogen is transferred in proteins and nucleic acids between organisms in the food web; denitrifying bacteria turn nitrogen in proteins and nucleic acids back into N2 gas

13. water cycle

percolation, transpiration, evaporation, precipitation, runoff, condensation