what is true of the chemical formation of inhaled corticosteroids? How are low dose corticosteroids apply and metabolized? What are the adverse effects of inhaled corticosteroids? How can oral thrush be prevented? what are the inhaled corticosteroids prototypes? What are the PO corticosteroids prototypes? What are the IV corticosteroid prototypes? What is the effect of Ipratropium? What are the indications of Ipratropium? What are the drug-drug interactions of Ipratropium?

1. what is true of the chemical formation of inhaled corticosteroids?

designed to have minimized systemic absorption from the lungs

2. How are low dose corticosteroids apply and metabolized?

low doses, "topically applied" and quickly metabolized in the lung tissue

3. What are the adverse effects of inhaled corticosteroids?

thrush (candida albicans) be careful in immunosupressions and systemic fungal, perforated nasal septum, and hypersensitvity to fluurocarbon propellants

4. How can oral thrush be prevented?

rinsing out the mouth after oral usage of corticosteroids

5. what are the inhaled corticosteroids prototypes?

? Flunisolide (AeroBid™, Nasalide™, prototype)
? Beclomethasone (e.g. Beclovent™)

Triamcinolone (Azmacort™)

6. What are the PO corticosteroids prototypes?

prednisone, methylprednisolone (Medrol, Pediapred, Prelone), dexamethasone (Decadron)

7. What are the IV corticosteroid prototypes?

cortisone, hydrocortisone, prednisolone

8. What is the effect of Ipratropium?

anticholinergic (antimuscarinic) drug that stays local and blocks bronchoconstriction, but not ciliary action

9. What are the indications of Ipratropium?

better effects in COPD and emphysema, not for emergency ituations -- for those who are intolerant of other beta stimulants

10. What are the drug-drug interactions of Ipratropium?

do not mix with cromolyn in a nebulizer these two form a percipitate together