the dose plotted against the response the amount of toxicant required to kill (affect) 50% of the subjects the level where certain responses occur high exposure to a hazard for short periods of time low exposure for long periods of time decisions and strategies to minimize risk assumes a substance is harmless assumes a substance is harmful until it is shown to be harmless (use precautionary measure and don't release toxicants into the environment) monitors food, food additives, cosmetics, drugs, medical devices regulates pesticides and chemicals not covered by other laws

1. Dose-response curve

the dose plotted against the response

2. LD50/ED50

the amount of toxicant required to kill (affect) 50% of the subjects

3. Threshold dose

the level where certain responses occur

4. Acute exposure

high exposure to a hazard for short periods of time

5. Chronic exposure

low exposure for long periods of time

6. Risk management

decisions and strategies to minimize risk

7. Innocent-until-proven-guilty approach

assumes a substance is harmless

8. Precautionary principle

assumes a substance is harmful until it is shown to be harmless (use precautionary measure and don't release toxicants into the environment)

9. FDA

monitors food, food additives, cosmetics, drugs, medical devices

10. EPA

regulates pesticides and chemicals not covered by other laws