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You now know how DNA fingerprinting works to possibly incriminate a suspect

Sociology

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You now know how DNA fingerprinting works to possibly incriminate a suspect. It can also be used to prove someone’s innocence. Today you will do some Googling to learn a little bit about two real life criminal cases. 1. Search the internet to find an example of a real case where DNA fingerprinting was used to convict someone. a. What is the name of the person who was convicted? b. What crime did they commit? c. What genetic evidence was present at the crime scene that incriminated them? d. When did this take place? e. Where did this take place? f. What sentence did they receive after the conviction? Did they spend time in jail? If so, how much time? Were they on death row? g. Copy and paste links to any webpages you used in the box below. 2. Watch the following video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QxCoG5vuinc. a. The very first time DNA profiling was used in a criminal case, what was the outcome? b. After the first suspect didn’t turn out to be the killer, how was the actual killer caught using DNA? 3. Search the internet to find an example of a real case where DNA fingerprinting was used to exonerate someone. (Someone was convicted of a crime, but DNA fingerprinting was used after the conviction to then prove they were innocent) You can’t do the person in the first case that was part of the video in Question 2. a. What is the name of the person who was convicted? b. What crime were they convicted for? c. What genetic evidence was present at the crime scene that falsely incriminated them? d. When did this take place? e. Where did this take place? f. How long did they spend in prison before they were proven innocent? g. Other than being set free, was anything else done for them to make up for the fact that they were wrongfully convicted? h. Copy and paste links to any webpages you used in the box below. 3. Watch the following video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cgg35eNBllA . a. What is the Innocence Project? b. What’s one thing that stood out to you while watching the video? 4. Go to https://innocenceproject.org/dna-exonerations-in-the-united-states/. Write down 10 interesting facts you learned on this page. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. Gel Electrophoresis Intro Go to the following website and answer the questions as you go through the simulation. https://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/labs/gel/ 1. What does the process of gel electrophoresis allow scientists to do? 2. Describe the gel and what it looks like close up. 3. What goes into the holes at one end of the gel? 4. Why is the gel hooked up to electricity? 5. Describe how the different length strands move through the gel differently. 6. Why would one stain DNA? 7. Briefly describe step 1 in gel electrophoresis. 8. Once the gel liquid is poured into the mold how long does it take for the gel to solidify? 9. What is the purpose of inserting the comb? 10. Briefly describe step 2 in gel electrophoresis. 11. What is placed into the well of the gel? What is the name of equipment that does this? 12. What is the purpose of a DNA size standard? 13. Describe how the electric power cords are set up and why they are in the order that they are. 14. How can you tell if the gel is actually running after turning on the electricity? 15. Describe how the DNA moves through the gel when the power is turned on. 16. How long does it take for the stain to set? 17. Using the DNA size standard, estimate the length of each DNA stain and type your estimates into the boxes. What were the correct answers for the lengths of each DNA samples? Virtual Gel Electrophoresis You will be running a virtual gel. Go to the following website (which is the same site you used for the pipette simulation) https://www.labxchange.org/library/pathway/lx-pathway:c3833fc3-acbe-4649-a0edaa1cb2fca3e5/items/lx-pb:c3833fc3-acbe-4649-a0ed-aa1cb2fca3e5:lx_simulation:2f735a59 1. 2. 3. 4. Click on click on level 1 and start the simulation. Read the information and click next section. Look at the materials and click next section. Using the arrows, drag the dyes to the positions you think they may end up in after running the gel. Click next section. 5. Read through the protocol and click start simulation. 6. Follow the steps along the right side of the screen to prepare the box. Click next when you’ve successfully completed each step. 7. Follow the steps along the right side of the screen to centrifuge the solution tubes. Click next when you’ve successfully completed each step. 8. Follow the steps along the right side of the screen to draw up solution 1. Click next when you’ve successfully completed each step. 9. Follow the steps along the right side of the screen to pipette solution 1 into well 1. Click next when you’ve successfully completed each step. 10. Follow the steps along the right side of the screen to pipette the other solutions into the wells. Click next when you’ve successfully completed each step. 11. Follow the steps along the right side of the screen to conduct the gel electrophoresis. Click next when you’ve successfully completed each step. 12. Take a screenshot of BOTH your predictions and your results and insert the screenshot into the blue box below. (To screenshot on a chromebook, press control, shift and the button highlighted in yellow in the picture on the right.) 13. 1. 2. 3. 4. 1. 2. 3. 4. Complete the reflection questions. Click next section. Read the summary and click on end simulation. What are 4 things you learned while doing this online simulation? Go to https://www.labxchange.org/library/items/lb:LabXchange:4eecf5fe:lx_simulation:1 Click on start simulation. Start by selecting Level 1. 1. Which micropipette will you be using? 2. 3. 4. 5. Click next section. Click next section again. Using the + and - circles, adjust each volume to how big you predict for it to be. Read the instructions and click start simulation. Complete the protocol outlined on the right side of your screen. You will mircopipette the 4 volumes from your predictions to see if you were correct. (start with 20 µL, then do 15 µL, then do 7.5 µL, then do 2 µL.) a. To start, click on the p20 micropipette. Click on the 2 µL. Then make adjustments to the volume until it reads 20 µL. Save the volume. b. Click on the p20 tips box. c. Click on the micropipette and drag it on top of the tip box. If you get a message that the tip was d. Open the red dye by clicking on the tube. already used and to eject and get a new e. Now click and drag the micropipette down to the red one, it is because you accidentally touched dye. the tip to the side of the container at some f. Click on the plunger until you reach the first stop, then point. Just follow the directions and try let go. again, being really careful not to touch the g. Now move the pipette over to circle A. tip to anything. h. Click on the plunger until you reach the second stop, then let go. i. Click and drag the micropipette over to the trash. Click eject tip. j. Repeat this process again, but do 15 µL in circle B, 7.5 µL in circle C and 2 µL in circle D. 6. If you need to, click next until you get to the results screen. Take a screenshot of BOTH your predictions and your results and insert the screenshot into the blue box below. (To screenshot on a chromebook, press control, shift and the button highlighted in yellow in the picture on the right.) 7. Complete the reflection questions. 8. Click next section. 9. Read the summary and click on end simulation. 10. What are 4 things you learned while doing this online simulation? 1. 2. 3. 4. 11. Look back at the 4 volumes that you pipetted. What is the TOTAL volume (in microliters) that you pipetted? 12. If you were going to suck up all 4 dots using just one micropipette, which one would you pick and why would you pick that one and not another one? (choices are p20, p200 and p1000) 13. Take your answer for #11 and convert it into mL. 14. How confident do you feel about selecting the correct volume on a micropipette and using one correctly?