Homework answers / question archive / The History of Urbanization in America Student Full Name Institution Full Name Course Full Name Instructor Full Name Completion Date 2 The History of Urbanization in America Explain the "culture of privatism" as discussed by Sam Bass Warner, Jr

The History of Urbanization in America Student Full Name Institution Full Name Course Full Name Instructor Full Name Completion Date 2 The History of Urbanization in America Explain the "culture of privatism" as discussed by Sam Bass Warner, Jr

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The History of Urbanization in America Student Full Name Institution Full Name Course Full Name Instructor Full Name Completion Date 2 The History of Urbanization in America Explain the "culture of privatism" as discussed by Sam Bass Warner, Jr. How did the culture of privatism cause the Philadelphia water supply to fall short of its full potential? Do you see the culture of privatism reflected in any current political debates? Privatism refers to the tendency where people are concerned with issues or ideas only in so far affect one as an individual. Sam Bass Werner has explained the different aspects through which privatism during the revolution occurred. According to Werner (p. 78).), "psychologically, privatism meant that a person should seek happiness in personal independence and in search of wealth; socially, privatism meant that a person should perceive his first loyalty as his immediate family and that society should be a union of such money-making, accumulating families; politically, privatism touched on the community keeping the peace among individual money makers and help to create an environment that people would prosper and make wealth". The initial water supply was meant only for the wealthy-people-owned homes. However, the increased number of city immigrants and industrial expansion created a large number of people who belonged to the middle-class social status (Werner, n.d., p. 84). The middle-class people from fifteen thousand houses had installed water closets and 3500 baths, which indicated that more people had adopted modern plumbing as a way of their standard of living. As a result, the Philadelphia water supply could not meet capacity to meet its full potential from the increased number of water consumers. The culture of privatism is present in modern political debates. The development of cities still remains embedded with the culture of privatism (Werner, n.d., p. 78). "The physical appearance of modern American cities; their houses, factories, their lots, and streets remain an outcome of a 3 real estate market of profit-seeking builders, land speculators, and large investors" (Werner, n.d., p. 79). Indeed, local politics are focused on their actors and changing of men's private economic activities. What tactics did the real estate industry use to promote segregation in US cities between the 1930s and 1960s? Real estate agents and speculators resulted in blockbusting. Blockbusting became a viable method for real estate agents to purchase property at a lower price than the actual price and inflate the price and sell the property to Blacks (Rothstein, 2017b, p. 95). This happened because Blacks could not access house mortgages. Rothstein (2017b) notes that blockbusting was " blockbusting was a scheme in which speculators bought properties in borderline black-white areas; rented or sold them to African American families at above-market prices" (p. 95). The agents further included tactics that convinced White families that Blacks already occupied their neighborhoods. The tactics used included "paying Black American women to push carriages carrying their babies through white neighborhoods and hiring Black American men to cruise the streets with cars with radios blasting in white occupied neighborhoods" (Rothstein, 2017b, p. 95). Additionally, "the agents could pay Black Americans to accompany them while knocking doors to enquire about the sale of their property and making constant telephone calls to residents of white neighborhoods and requesting to converse with a stereotyped African American name such as "Johnnie Mae" (Rothstein, 2017b, p. 95). Real estate agents could also advertise in African American newspapers despite the property not being featured for sale. These ads attracted potential Black buyers to walk around asking for houses to buy. Indeed, the blockbusting method worked, and the real agents acquired the houses, later selling them to Black Americans. 4 Explain "redlining". When was it used, by whom, how did it work, and what were its effects? What are some lasting impacts of redlining? Redlining refers to the discriminatory practice where certain social groups based on race and origin are barred from accessing social services and amenities. According to Rothstein (2017a), government efforts to isolate white family's neighborhoods from Black family's occupation began at the local level (p. 44). Additionally, Black people were driven out of towns like Montana, where authorities wanted only the White people to occupy. However, Blacks had successfully occupied several towns and neighborhoods in large numbers such that evicting them became hard to achieve. These cities where the Blacks had settled in large numbers and the authorities could not evict them had to adopt zoning policies. According to Rothstein (2017a), the Whites' zoning policies to live separately from the Blacks (p. 44). Baltimore was the first to adopt these policies that prohibited African Americans from purchasing homes on blocks that White Americans were a majority and vice versa (Rothstein, 2017a, p. 44). Redlining policies were controversial as some neighborhoods had even distributed Black American and White American occupation. As a result, the policies were revised, leaving the multicolor occupied neighborhoods as they were but prohibiting continued integration of different races in single-race occupied residential neighborhoods (Rothstein, 2017a, p. 45). Redlining has had long-term effects on the modern American community. Redlining has affected minority races while seeking to access housing, credit, and wealth accumulation since buildings are long-lasting structures. The redlined zone has a high Black American population that lacks appropriate access to social amenities. The government should implement policies that revise the redlining effects to create an equal society. 5 6 References Rothstein, R. (2017a). Racial Zoning. Rothstein, R. (2017b). THE COLOR OF LAW: A FORGOTTEN HISTORY OF HOW OUR GOVERNMENT SEGREGATED AMERICA. Werner, Sam. B. (n.d.). The Environment of Private Opportunity.